The question we hear most often from founders and engineering leads isn't "should we use AI?", that decision was made the moment ChatGPT hit their industry. The question is: how do we actually integrate an LLM into what we already have, without rebuilding everything?
After building GiantAI and delivering LLM integrations across Web3 platforms, enterprise dashboards, and startup MVPs, our team has developed a clear taxonomy of five integration patterns. Each solves a different problem. Choosing the wrong one costs you months.
Before You Start: The Three Questions That Determine Your Pattern
Before writing a single line of integration code, answer these three questions honestly:
- What data does the LLM need to answer well? Public knowledge only, or your proprietary data?
- Does it need to take actions, or only generate text? Answering questions vs. calling APIs, writing files, sending emails
- How often does the relevant information change? Static documents vs. real-time database records
Your answers map almost directly onto one of the five patterns below.
The Five LLM Integration Patterns
You send a prompt to an LLM API (OpenAI, Anthropic, Mistral) and receive a response. That's it. No custom data. No memory. The model answers using only what it was trained on.
When it's right: Summarisation of user-provided text, draft generation, classification tasks where accuracy on proprietary context isn't critical.
When it breaks down: The moment a user asks anything about your specific product, internal data, or recent events. The model hallucinates or deflects.
const response = await openai.chat.completions.create({
model: "gpt-4o",
messages: [
{ role: "system", content: "You are a helpful assistant for [Product]." },
{ role: "user", content: userMessage }
]
});
A RAG pipeline retrieves relevant chunks from your data, documentation, contracts, product catalogue, support history and injects them into the prompt before sending it to the LLM. The model answers using your context, not just its training data.
The components:
- An ingestion pipeline that chunks and embeds your documents
- A vector database (Pinecone, Weaviate, pgvector) that stores the embeddings
- A retrieval step that finds the most relevant chunks at query time
- A prompt template that injects retrieved context before the user's question
When it's right: Knowledge bases, document Q&A, product search, internal AI assistants, customer support on your specific product. This pattern covers roughly 60% of enterprise AI integration requests we receive.
Production lesson: The quality of your RAG pipeline is 80% about chunking strategy and embedding quality, and 20% about the LLM you choose. Most teams optimise the wrong variable first.
You train an LLM on your proprietary dataset, adjusting the model weights so it internalises your specific domain knowledge, writing style, or decision patterns. The result is a model that behaves like a domain expert, not a generalist.
When it's right: Medical, legal, or financial applications where precision is non-negotiable. Branded writing assistants that must match a specific voice. Narrow classification tasks where a small, fast, fine-tuned model outperforms a large general one.
⚠ Don't fine-tune prematurely. In most cases, a well-engineered RAG pipeline with strong prompt engineering outperforms fine-tuning at a fraction of the cost and complexity. Fine-tune when you have at least 1,000 high-quality training examples and a specific, measurable performance gap that RAG alone can't close.
You expose a set of tools (API calls, database queries, calculations, web searches) to the LLM. The model decides which tools to call, in what order, and synthesises the results into a final response. This is the bridge between text generation and real-world actions.
When it's right: AI assistants that need to query live data, trigger workflows, send notifications, create records, or interact with third-party APIs. If your users are asking the AI to do something rather than just explain something this is your pattern.
Real example: GiantAI uses function calling extensively allowing agents to browse the web, execute code, interact with game APIs, and trigger actions across integrated platforms. See the live platform →
Multiple specialised AI agents work in parallel or sequence to complete complex tasks a planner agent breaks down goals, specialist agents execute sub-tasks, a critic agent evaluates output, a memory agent manages context across sessions. The result is a system that can handle tasks too complex for any single model call.
When it's right: Autonomous research tools, complex workflow automation, AI systems that need to maintain long-term memory and pursue multi-step goals. This is the architecture behind most serious "AI agent" products.
Our honest advice: Unless you have a specific use case that genuinely requires multi-agent coordination, start with Pattern 04 and add orchestration only when you hit its limits. Premature orchestration is the most common source of AI project failures we've been asked to rescue.
How to Choose the Right Pattern
Here's the decision matrix we use during discovery:
- Needs only public knowledge + fast to ship → Pattern 01
- Needs your specific data, mostly Q&A → Pattern 02 (RAG)
- Needs a specific writing style or narrow domain expertise → Pattern 03 (Fine-tune)
- Needs to take actions in the real world → Pattern 04 (Tool use)
- Needs to pursue complex multi-step goals autonomously → Pattern 05 (Agents)
Most real products combine two or more patterns. GiantAI, for example, uses a RAG pipeline for knowledge retrieval, function calling for web and API actions, and a lightweight orchestration layer for multi-step tasks with a direct API integration as the fallback for conversational exchanges.
The Integration Mistakes That Cost Teams Months
We've inherited enough half-built AI projects to recognise the patterns. The most common mistakes:
- Skipping evaluation infrastructure: Building an LLM integration without a way to measure its accuracy is like deploying code without tests. Build your eval suite before you build your integration.
- Ignoring latency: LLM calls are slow. If your integration sits on the critical path of a user interaction, you need streaming, caching, and async handling from day one.
- Context window mismanagement: Stuffing too much into a prompt degrades performance. Retrieve less, more precisely rather than more, less precisely.
- No fallback strategy: LLMs fail, rate limit, and return nonsense. Every production integration needs graceful degradation.